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Title 脆弱性骨折予防のための運動療法のエビデンスと実践
Subtitle 特集 / 「骨」から考えるリハビリテーション診療 - 骨粗鬆症・脆弱性骨折 -
Authors 本郷道生*1, 宮腰尚久*2
Authors (kana)
Organization *1秋田大学医学部附属病院整形外科, 講師, *2大学院医学系研究科医学専攻機能展開医学系整形外科学講座, 教授
Journal MB Medical Rehabilitation
Volume
Number 270
Page 7-13
Year/Month 2022 / 1
Article 報告
Publisher 全日本病院出版会
Abstract 「Abstract」脆弱性骨折は, 椎体, 大腿骨近位部, 上腕骨近位部, 橈骨遠位部などに生じ, 椎体骨折で最も頻度が高い. 椎体骨折は骨折治癒後に後弯変形を生じ, 腰背部痛や脊柱可動性や背筋力, 身体活動性の低下などを呈する. 大腿骨近位部骨折の治療後も日常生活活動は低下し, 生命予後にも影響を及ぼす. 運動療法がこれらの脆弱性骨折を予防する効果があるとするエビデンスは少ない. これまで得られた知見に基づいて, 転倒や転倒に関連する骨折を予防するために推奨されている運動療法は, バランス訓練や機能回復訓練に, 筋力増強訓練を加えたものが良いとされている. また椎体骨折により生じる脊柱後弯は背筋力と関連があり, 背筋力を増強する運動により椎体骨折の発生が予防できる可能性がある. しかし運動療法による骨折予防効果に関するエビデンスの質は低く, さらなる研究の蓄積が今後の課題である.
Practice 医療技術
Keywords 骨粗鬆症 (osteoporosis), 脆弱性骨折 (fragility fracture), 運動療法 (exercise), 椎体骨折 (vertebral fracture), 大腿骨近位部骨折 (proximal femoral fracture)
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