アブストラクト
Title | 高ナトリウム血症 |
---|---|
Subtitle | 特集 水・電解質を科学する 【水・電解質異常の病態と治療】 |
Authors | 荒谷紗絵**,***, 酒井行直** |
Authors (kana) | |
Organization | **日本医科大学付属病院 腎臓内科, ***東京大学医科学研究所 癌・細胞増殖部門 癌防御シグナル分野 |
Journal | 腎と透析 |
Volume | 90 |
Number | 5 |
Page | 866-872 |
Year/Month | 2021 / 5 |
Article | 報告 |
Publisher | 東京医学社 |
Abstract | 「はじめに」高Na血症は, 外来および入院いずれにおいてもよく遭遇する電解質異常で, 血清Na濃度>145mEq/Lで定義される. 高Na血症に至る機序としてNa過剰そのものが原因のこともあるが, "Na" の過剰よりも "水 (自由水)" 不足が病態の本質である. 本稿では, 高Na血症の発症機序, 診断適切な治療法について病態生理とともに概説する. 「I 血清Na濃度と浸透圧」血清Na濃度は血漿浸透圧の重要な構成要素であり, 水バランスによって厳密にコントロールされている. 血漿浸透圧は, Na以外にもグルコース (Glu), 尿素窒素 (BUN) で形成される. 血漿浸透圧 (Posm) =2×血清[Na+]+[Glu]/18+BUN/2.8 =275〜290mOsm/kg [Na+]=137〜143mEq/L (2×血清[Na+]=274〜286) [Glu]=60〜100mg/dL([Glu]/18=3〜6) BUN=10〜20mg/dL(BUN/2.8≒3.5〜7) ⇔ 血漿浸透圧≒2×血清[Na+] |
Practice | 臨床医学:内科系 |
Keywords | 高ナトリウム血症, 自由水, 高浸透圧, ADH |
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