アブストラクト
Japanese
| Title | 急性脳炎診療の進め方とポイント |
|---|---|
| Subtitle | 第37回日本神経治療学会総会特集1 マラソンレクチャー2 |
| Authors | 中嶋秀人** |
| Authors (kana) | |
| Organization | **日本大学医学部内科学系神経内科学分野 |
| Journal | 神経治療学 |
| Volume | 37 |
| Number | 3 |
| Page | 265-267 |
| Year/Month | 2020 / |
| Article | 報告 |
| Publisher | 日本神経治療学会 |
| Abstract | 「はじめに」 脳炎・髄膜炎では治療開始の遅れが重度後遺症や致死的転帰を招くためneurological emergencyとして対応する必要がある. 急性脳炎にはウイルス性脳炎やその他の病原体による脳炎, 自己免疫性脳炎, 膠原病に伴う脳炎・脳症などがあるが, ウイルス性脳炎の割合が高く, 中でも単純ヘルペスウイルス(herpes simplex virus : HSV)が脳炎全体の約20%, 次いで水痘・帯状疱疹ウイルス(varicella-zoster virus : VZV)による脳炎が約5-10%を占めるとされる. 一方で脳炎全体の30-50%は原因が同定できないことも指摘されてきたが, 近年, 抗N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA)受容体脳炎など自己免疫性脳炎がクローズアップされこれらの診断機会が増加している. 以上より, 急性脳炎の診療では, 原因としてHSV, VZV, 自己免疫性脳炎の頻度が高いことを念頭に置いて診療計画を立てる必要があると考えられる. |
| Practice | 臨床医学:内科系 |
| Keywords | acute encephalitis, herpes encephalitis, varicella-zoster virus, anti-NMDAR encephalitis |
English
| Title | Diagnostic and therapeutic approach to the patients with acute encephalitis |
|---|---|
| Subtitle | |
| Authors | Hideto NAKAJIMA |
| Authors (kana) | |
| Organization | Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine |
| Journal | Neurological Therapeutics |
| Volume | 37 |
| Number | 3 |
| Page | 265-267 |
| Year/Month | 2020 / |
| Article | Report |
| Publisher | Japanese Society of Neurological Therapeutics |
| Abstract | Encephalitis is associated with high morbidity and mortality, and the neurologic manifestations of this condition include fever, headache, altered mental status, convulsions, and psychiatric symptoms. Early diagnosis of encephalitis is crucial to ensure that the right treatment is given on time. Herpes simplex virus was the most common infectious cause among acute encephalitis, followed by varicella zoster virus. Thus, more than a quarter of patients were potentially treatable with aciclovir. Recent repots have showed the increasing recognition of autoimmune encephalitis, and anti-NMDAR encephalitis was the most common autoimmune condition. In this article, the author describes the characteristic clinical findings, magnetic resonance imaging and spinal fluid analysis of herpes simplex encephalitis, varicella zoster encephalitis, and anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Early identification of these patients may allow timely initiation of aciclovir and/or immunomodulatory therapy, and help improve clinical outcomes. |
| Practice | Clinical internal medicine |
| Keywords | acute encephalitis, herpes encephalitis, varicella-zoster virus, anti-NMDAR encephalitis |
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残りの10件を表示する
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