アブストラクト
Japanese
| Title | 1. 多発性硬化症・視神経脊髄炎の最新治療 |
|---|---|
| Subtitle | 第38回日本神経治療学会学術集会特集1 教育講演 |
| Authors | 三須建郎** |
| Authors (kana) | |
| Organization | **東北大学病院脳神経内科 |
| Journal | 神経治療学 |
| Volume | 38 |
| Number | 3 |
| Page | 150-154 |
| Year/Month | 2021 / |
| Article | 報告 |
| Publisher | 日本神経治療学会 |
| Abstract | 「はじめに」多発性硬化症(multiple sclerosis: MS)は, 中枢神経系の脱髄性疾患である. MSの免疫病態においては, 従来より細胞性免疫を標的としたinterferon等が使用されており, また液性免疫を標的としたCD20抗体も近年使用されつつある. MSの病態は再発と寛解を繰り返す炎症性脱髄を中心とする時期と, それに続いて慢性進行性に軸索障害を呈し脳萎縮を来す二次進行期に大別され, MSの障害進行の多くは進行期に生じることが知られている. 近年, 中枢神経内に異所性リンパ濾胞様組織でCD8陽性T細胞やB細胞によって生じる慢性炎症が有力な治療標的と考えられている. 一方, 視神経脊髄炎関連疾患(neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: NMOSD)は抗アクアポリン4(aquaporin-4: AQP4)抗体が関連し, 重篤な視神経炎や脊髄炎を特徴とする疾患であり, AQP4抗体が補体介在性にアストロサイト傷害を来す液性免疫が中心となる病態である. |
| Practice | 臨床医学：内科系 |
| Keywords | multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, anti-aquaporin 4 antibody, disease modifying drug, biologic drug |
English
| Title | New therapeutics in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica |
|---|---|
| Subtitle | |
| Authors | Tatsuro MISU |
| Authors (kana) | |
| Organization | Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Hospital |
| Journal | Neurological Therapeutics |
| Volume | 38 |
| Number | 3 |
| Page | 150-154 |
| Year/Month | 2021 / |
| Article | Report |
| Publisher | Japanese Society of Neurological Therapeutics |
| Abstract | Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease in the central nervous system. The pathogenesis of MS is mainly by cellular and humoral immunity against myelin sheaths. The main cause of disability is derived from secondary progressive phase of MS, which could induce chronic demyelinating slowly expanded lesions together with axonal damage and neuronal loss. Recently, it is considered that the chronic activity of phagocytic macrophages is induced by antibody-producing B cells and T cells in lymphoid tissue in the CNS, which could be the molecular targets of treatment. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune disease caused by anti-aquaporin 4 antibody. One of the main cause of tissue injury is mediated by complement-dependent cytotoxicity against astrocytes. Now humoral immunity is the main target in NMOSD, there is several antibody medicines including eculizumab, satralizumab, inebilizumab, and rituximab. In this issue, I would like to focus on the therapeutic strategy of MS and NMOSD by recently developing drugs. |
| Practice | Clinical internal medicine |
| Keywords | multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, anti-aquaporin 4 antibody, disease modifying drug, biologic drug |
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参考文献
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残りの10件を表示する
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