Japanese

Title	地域活動参加状況と主観的健康感の関連からみた介護予防事業参加高齢者の特徴
Subtitle	原著
Authors	柄澤美季*1, 玉浦有紀*2, 藤原恵子*3, 西村一弘*3,*4, 酒井雅司*5, 赤松利恵*6
Authors (kana)
Organization	*1お茶の水女子大学大学院人間文化創成科学研究科, *2新潟県立大学人間生活学部健康栄養学科, *3社会福祉法人緑風会緑風荘病院栄養室, *4駒沢女子大学人間健康学部健康栄養学科, *5社会福祉法人緑風会緑風荘病院内科, *6お茶の水女子大学基幹研究院自然科学系
Journal	栄養学雑誌
Volume	78
Number	5
Page	179-187
Year/Month	2020 / 10
Article	原著
Publisher	日本栄養改善学会
Abstract	【目的】地域活動参加頻度, 参加する活動の種類数を用いた地域活動参加状況と主観的健康感の組合せを用い, 介護予防事業参加高齢者の特徴を把握すること. 【方法】2018年6〜12月, 東京都東村山市の介護予防事業参加者に自記式質問紙調査を実施した. 解析対象は153人であった. 質問紙では, 地域活動参加状況, 主観的健康感, ソーシャルサポート種類数・満足度, 属性, 地域活動に関するセルフ・エフィカシーをたずねた. 地域活動参加状況と主観的健康感の組合せごとに, 参加者の特徴をχ2検定, Kruskal-Wallis検定で比較した. 【結果】頻度・種類数の少なくとも一方が高い者を参加高群, いずれも低い者を参加低群としたとき, 参加高・健康群は106人(69.3%)が該当した. 参加低・健康群(28人, 18.3%)は, 一人暮らしが多く(p=0.024), 参加高・健康群に比べ, ソーシャルサポート種類数は少ないが(p<0.001), その満足度には差はなかった. 参加高・不健康群(9人, 5.9%)は, 参加高・健康群に比べ, 地域活動に関するセルフ・エフィカシー得点が低かった(p=0.001). 【結論】地域活動への参加が多い者は, 参加が少ない者に比べ, 主観的健康感が高い者が多かったが, 地域活動への参加が少ない者でも健康だと感じる者が存在し, 地域活動参加状況と主観的健康感の組合せで特徴が異なった.
Practice	栄養学
Keywords	高齢者, 社会参加, 主観的健康感, フレイル, ソーシャルサポート, elderly people, social participation, self-rated health, frailty, social support

English

Title	Characteristics of Elderly People Participating in Long-Term Care Prevention Project Based on Relationship Between Participation in Community Activities and Self-Rated Health
Subtitle	Original Article
Authors	Miki Karasawa*1, Yuki Tamaura*2, Keiko Fujiwara*3, Kazuhiro Nishimura*3,*4, Masashi Sakai*5, Rie Akamatsu*6
Authors (kana)
Organization	*1Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, *2Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life Studies, University of Niigata Prefecture, *3Department of Nutrition, Ryokufuso Hospital, *4Department of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Human Health, Komazawa Women's University, *5Department of Internal Medicine, Ryokufuso Hospital, *6Natural Science Division, Faculty of Core Research, Ochanomizu University
Journal	The Japanese Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics
Volume	78
Number	5
Page	179-187
Year/Month	2020 / 10
Article	Original article
Publisher	The Japanese Society of Nutrition and Dietetics
Abstract	[ABSTRACT][Objective:] To examine the characteristics of elderly people who participated in care prevention projects, using a combination of the self-rated health and the status of participation in community activities by the frequency of participation and the number of types. [Methods:] We conducted a self-administered questionnaire survey for participants in long-term care prevention in Higashimurayama city, Tokyo, from June to December 2018. One hundred fifty-three elderly people completed the questionnaire. We asked about their status of participation in community activities, self-rated health, the number of types of social support, and satisfaction with social support, demographics, and self-efficacy of community activities. We examined the characteristics of participants for each combination of the status of participation in community activities and self-rated health using the chi-squared test and the Kruskal-Wallis test. [Results:] There were 106 (69.3%) participants in the high participation and healthy group. Many people in the low participation and healthy group (n=28, 18.3%) lived alone (p=0.024). This group had a smaller number of types of social support than the high participation and healthy group (p<0.001), but there was no significant difference in their satisfaction. The high participation and unhealthy group (n=9, 5.9%) had lower self-efficacy than the high participation and healthy group (p=0.001). [Conclusions:] Those who more participated in community activities had higher self-rated health, but some of those who less participated also had high self-rated health. The characteristics differed depending on the combination of participation in community activities and self-rated health.
Practice	Nutrition
Keywords	elderly people, social participation, self-rated health, frailty, social support

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