アブストラクト
Japanese
| Title | mRNAワクチンの基盤技術とCOVID-19への展開 |
|---|---|
| Subtitle | 特集 新型コロナウイルス1年を振り返って |
| Authors | 内田智士 |
| Authors (kana) | |
| Organization | 京都府立医科大学 大学院医学研究科 医系化学 |
| Journal | 臨床とウイルス |
| Volume | 49 |
| Number | 3 |
| Page | 133-138 |
| Year/Month | 2021 / 7 |
| Article | 報告 |
| Publisher | 日本臨床ウイルス学会 |
| Abstract | 〔論文要旨〕新型コロナウイルス感染症 (COVID-19) に対して, メッセンジャーRNA (mRNA) ワクチンが迅速に開発され, 重篤な副反応をほとんど伴うことなく, きわめて高い有効性を示している. その開発の背景には, 生体内で外来mRNAによる炎症反応を制御し, 翻訳効率を最大化するためのmRNA設計技術や, mRNAを抗原提示細胞に効率的に導入するための脂質性ナノ粒子等の送達技術に関する長年の研究があった. 現在も供給不足を解消するために, 低用量で効果を得るためのmRNAワクチン設計や, 保存安定性やアナフィラキシー反応を克服するための技術開発が行われている. mRNAワクチンは, 新たなパンデミックに対して応用できるほか, HIVやRSウイルスといったいまだ有効なワクチンがない感染症に対するワクチン開発にも期待され, 将来のウイルスとの戦いを大きく変えるであろう. |
| Practice | 臨床医学：内科系 |
| Keywords | mRNAワクチン, COVID-19, mRNAデリバリー, mRNA設計, 脂質性ナノ粒子, mRNA vaccine, mRNA delivery, mRNA designing, lipid nanoparticle |
English
| Title | Platform technologies of mRNA vaccines and their application to COVID-19 |
|---|---|
| Subtitle | |
| Authors | Satoshi UCHIDA |
| Authors (kana) | |
| Organization | Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine |
| Journal | Clinical Virology |
| Volume | 49 |
| Number | 3 |
| Page | 133-138 |
| Year/Month | 2021 / 7 |
| Article | Report |
| Publisher | Japanese Society of Clinical Virology |
| Abstract | Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines have been rapidly developed against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), demonstrating markedly high efficacy with minimal incidences of serious adverse effects. Their success is owed to many years of research and development for designing mRNA to control immunogenicity and maximize translational efficiency, and establishing mRNA delivery systems, including lipid nanoparticles, to introduce mRNA efficiently to antigen-presenting cells. Studies are actively ongoing to solve the issue of the limited worldwide supply of mRNA vaccines by developing effective vaccines that function at low doses, and to overcome the problems related to storage at low temperatures and rare events of anaphylaxis. mRNA vaccines are also applicable to future pandemics and other infectious diseases that lack effective vaccines, including HIV and RSV, providing strong tools for the battle between viruses and humans. |
| Practice | Clinical internal medicine |
| Keywords | mRNA vaccine, COVID-19, mRNA delivery, mRNA designing, lipid nanoparticle |
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