Japanese

Title	麻疹
Subtitle	特集 新型コロナ流行後 再興した感染症 : 世界と日本
Authors	森野紗衣子
Authors (kana)
Organization	国立健康危機管理研究機構 国立感染症研究所 予防接種研究部
Journal	臨床とウイルス
Volume	53
Number	2
Page	100-108
Year/Month	2025 / 5
Article	報告
Publisher	日本臨床ウイルス学会
Abstract	〔論文要旨〕麻疹はワクチンで予防可能な疾患であり, 世界で排除を目指し取り組みがなされている. 新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)の流行は麻疹の発生動向にも2つの側面から影響を与えた. 1つ目は他の流行性疾患と同様にCOVID-19の拡大防止のための介入が行われた期間, 患者数が大きく減少した. 2つ目は麻しん含有ワクチン(MCV)の接種率の低下をもたらした. 世界のMCV 1回目接種率は2019年86%から2021年81%へ低下し, 2023年においても低所得国や公衆衛生対応の脆弱な地域を中心に2,220万人のこどもたちが接種機会を逸したままである. 感受性者が増加した状態で2022年以降, 世界の麻疹患者報告数が増加しており, これまでに麻疹排除を達成した国々でも流行が報告されている. 日本においても2023年以降麻疹患者報告数の増加がみられ, 2025年は輸入例と輸入例を発端とした国内感染例の発生から報告数は第20週時点で125人に上る. 20〜30歳代に多く, また, ワクチン接種年齢に満たない乳児に影響が出ている. 国内外ともに麻疹患者報告例にワクチン未接種者または接種歴不明者が多く, MCV 2回接種による予防が望まれる.
Practice	臨床医学：内科系
Keywords	麻疹, 麻しん含有ワクチン接種率, 麻疹排除, 麻しん風しん混合ワクチン(MRワクチン), measles, measles-containing vaccine uptake rate, measles elimination, measles・rubella combined vaccine (MR vaccine)

English

Title	Measles
Subtitle
Authors	Saeko MORINO
Authors (kana)
Organization	Department of Immunization Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security
Journal	Clinical Virology
Volume	53
Number	2
Page	100-108
Year/Month	2025 / 5
Article	Report
Publisher	Japanese Society of Clinical Virology
Abstract	The COVID-19 pandemic influenced measles trends in two ways. First, as seen with many infectious diseases, the number of measles patients decreased significantly during the period in which interventions to limit the spread of COVID-19 were implemented. Second, it led to a global decline in measles-containing vaccine (MCV) vaccination coverage. The first MCV coverage decreased from 86% in 2019 to 81% in 2021, and 22.2 million children had no opportunity to receive MCV1 through routine immunization services in 2023. With an increase in susceptible individuals, the number of reported measles cases worldwide has been increasing since 2022, and measles outbreaks have been reported even in countries that previously achieved its elimination. In Japan, the number of reported measles cases has also been increasing since 2023, with the number of reported cases reaching 125 as of the 20th week in 2025. This number comprises both imported cases and domestic infections resulting from those imported cases. Regarding reported cases, the majority involved individuals in their 20s or 30s; infants who had yet to reach MCV vaccination age were also affected.
Practice	Clinical internal medicine
Keywords	measles, measles-containing vaccine uptake rate, measles elimination, measles・rubella combined vaccine (MR vaccine)

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