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Japanese

Title 低位前方切除術後早期の排便障害を軽減する看護介入プログラムの効果
Subtitle 原著
Authors 佐藤正美
Authors (kana)
Organization 東京慈恵会医科大学医学部看護学科
Journal 千葉看護学会会誌
Volume 27
Number 1
Page 13-21
Year/Month 2021 / 9
Article 原著
Publisher 千葉看護学会
Abstract 目的: 低位前方切除術後早期の排便障害を軽減する目的で作成した看護介入プログラムの効果を明らかにすること. 方法: 対象は, 直腸がんで低位前方切除術を受けた患者46例(介入群23例, コントロール群23例)で, ランダムに割付した. 介入群には, 退院後初回受診日とその3か月後に外来で看護面接を行い, 手術の影響による排便障害を理解し, 対処((1)肛門を締めて便を保持する, (2)便性を整える, (3)スムーズに排便できコントロール感覚を持つ, (4)排便のとらわれから逃れる)できるよう関わった. 術後1か月(ベースライン), 術後3か月, 術後6か月, 術後1年に, 排便障害評価尺度ver. 2とSF-36v2, その他の項目を加えた質問紙で尋ね郵送で回収した. 結果: 排便障害評価尺度ver. 2は二つのサブスケールともに有意差は認められなかったが, いずれも介入群のみ時間経過に沿って有意にスコアは減少した. 「排便のとらわれ」は術後3か月と術後6か月で有意に介入群が低値を示し, 排便行数は術後1年で有意に介入群が少なかった. コントロール群で, 望む排便状況と現状が大きく乖離して極端に低い自己評価を示す人がいた. QOLは両群で大きな違いは認められなかった. 考察: 看護介入により, 残便感を含めた排便症状は手術による影響であることを理解し, 注意・関心を排便からそらす方法や, 排便を我慢できる方法に取り組めるようになり, 排便障害の軽減に一定の効果が得られたと考える.
Practice 看護学
Keywords colorectal cancer, low anterior resection, bowel dysfunction, nursing intervention

English

Title EFFECTS OF A NURSING INTERVENTION PROGRAM ON REDUCING EARLY BOWEL DYSFUNCTION AFTER LOW ANTERIOR RESECTION
Subtitle Original Articles
Authors Masami Sato
Authors (kana)
Organization The Jikei University, School of Nursing
Journal Journal of Chiba Academy of Nursing Science
Volume 27
Number 1
Page 13-21
Year/Month 2021 / 9
Article Original article
Publisher Chiba Academy of Nursing Science
Abstract Objective: To clarify the effects of a nursing intervention program created to reduce early bowel dysfunction after low anterior resection. Method: Subjects were 46 rectal cancer patients who underwent low anterior resection, and were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n = 23) or control group (n = 23). In the intervention group, nursing intervention was conducted immediately and 3 months after discharge at the outpatient clinic to understand bowel movement disorder due to the influence of surgery. The intervention aimed to: (1) tighten the anus and hold stool, (2) adjust stool properties, (3) defecate smoothly with a sense of control, and (4) escape from the feeling of being held captive by defecation. A questionnaire comprised of the Defecation Dysfunction Assessment Scale (DDAS) ver. 2 and the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Version 2 (SF-36v2) and other items was collected by postal mail 1 (baseline), 3 and 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively. Results: DDAS ver. 2 showed no significant difference in both subscales, but the score decreased significantly over time only in the intervention group, and the number of bowel movement lines was significantly smaller 1 year postoperatively. The intervention group showed significantly lower levels of "defecation" 3 and 6 months postoperatively. In the control group, some people showed extremely low self-evaluations because of a large difference between their desired defecation status and their current situation. No significant difference in quality of life was observed between the two groups. Discussion: Through nursing intervention, it was possible to understand that defecation symptoms, including the feeling of residual stool, are the effects of surgery. Furthermore, nursing intervention that diverted attention and interest from defecation and increased tolerance of defecation reduced defecation disorders. These results indicate that nursing intervention was effective.
Practice Nursing
Keywords colorectal cancer, low anterior resection, bowel dysfunction, nursing intervention
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